Types of Polyphenols
Polyphenols are divided into four main categories:
- Flavonoids: Found in fruits, vegetables, tea, and red wine, flavonoids are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
- Phenolic acids: Commonly found in coffee, fruits, and whole grains, they contribute to the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress.
- Polyphenolic amides: Present in foods like peppers, they are known for their beneficial effects on brain health and inflammation.
- Other polyphenols: This group includes resveratrol in red wine and ellagic acid in berries, both associated with various health benefits such as improved heart health, anti-cancer properties, and enhanced skin health
Polyphenols: Health Benefits
The health benefits of polyphenols are extensive. Here are some key advantages:
- Antioxidant protection neutralises harmful free radicals, reducing cellular damage.
- Anti-inflammatory properties: Polyphenols help lower inflammation, which is implicated in many chronic diseases.
- Heart health: Regular consumption can improve blood vessel function and lower blood pressure.
- Brain health: They may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases by protecting brain cells.
- Improved digestion: Polyphenols promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
The Science and Supporting Studies
There has been a lot of supporting research on various polyphenols against many different types of illnesses.
The Information below is from a ‘mini-review’ submitted to Pubmed. The author is Josiemer Mattei, who is affiliated with the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health.